Illustrated guide and ecological notes to ciliate indicator species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in running waters, lakes, and sewage plants In: Handbuch Angewandte Limnologie

by
Helmut BERGER and Wilhelm FOISSNER

Published
by
Ecomed
(now available at Wiley-VCH)

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BERGER Helmut and FOISSNER Wilhelm (2003): Illustrated guide and ecological notes to ciliate indicator species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in running waters, lakes, and sewage plants. In: Handbuch Angewandte Limnologie (Ed. C. Steinberg). Ecomed Verlag (now available at Wiley). 160 pages. 17. Ergänzungslieferung-Lieferung 10/03. Softcover, prepared for ring binder. 228 x 210 x 8 mm, 480 gram. About this book · Preface (in German) · Taxa included · ISBN 3-609-75847-3 PDF available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9783527678488.hbal2003005/abstract

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Acknowledgments

Supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF

About this book
Introduction. The usefulness of ciliates in ecosystem assessment is well known to most protistologists and many limnologists. However, their wider and proper use has been hampered over the years because of debates about taxonomy, limited and widely distributed ecological information, and the difficulty of obtaining accurate identification literature. Thus, we gathered these data during the past decade and published them in six books comprising about 3200 pages, 9000 figures, 4000 references, and many tables and ecograms (Berger et al. 1997, Foissner et al. 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1999). These detailed monographs allow renewed and increased usage of ciliates not only by river and lake ecologists but also by students of drinking-water treatment systems, sewage plants, and other freshwater ecosystems.
Our work on benthic ciliates was appreciated by many reviewers but several complained that it was written in German. This prompted us to prepare at least an English translation of the pictorial guide, which is the essence of the taxonomic portion of the monograph and is specifically designed for users not trained in identifying ciliates (Foissner & Berger 1996). Here it is combined with our illustrated key on pelagic ciliates (Foissner et al. 1999) which get renewed interest since the discovery of the microbial loop. Thus, the user will be able to identify 357 common benthic and planktonic freshwater ciliates via a single key. The preparation of such a guide is difficult in general and for ciliates in particular because it is the first of its kind. The monographs and keys by Kahl (1930, 1931, 1932, 1935), although still very useful, can be applied only by specialists, that is, if one already knows the family or genus to which a particular species belongs. The more recent guides by Curds (1982), Curds et al. (1983), and Lynn & Small (2000), though very helpful, guide to genera only. Certainly, the present key does not include the vast taxonomic, faunistic, and ecological information contained in our monographs. However, we summarized the main ecological characteristics of the species keyed in a Table.
The benthic species included were selected from the catalogues by Sládecek (1973) and Sládecek et al. (1981), who compiled the species used as bioindicators in general and in the saprobic system in particular. Admittedly, the saprobic system is not widely known outside central Europe. Briefly, the saprobic system evaluates water quality, specifically organic pollution, by indicator species. Four main zones of pollution, respectively, self-purification are distinguished: polysaprobity (very heavily polluted), alphamesosaprobity (heavily polluted), betamesosaprobity (moderately polluted), oligosaprobity (clean or very little polluted ). A brief characterization of these zones is contained in the legends to the "ciliate communities". More detailed accounts are to be found in Curds (1992), Friedrich (1990), and especially in Sládecek (1973).
The key on planktonic ciliates contains 118 species more or less commonly occurring in the pelagial of lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and large rivers. Pelagic ciliates and protozoa in general have been ignored for a long time by plankton ecologists, although studies from the sixties and eighties showed that they form an integral part of the planktonic food web and contribute significantly to the total zooplankton standing crop (for example, Nauwerck 1963, Beaver & Crisman 1989). It was the concept of the microbial loop, developed by Azam et al. (1983), which stimulated more detailed and intensive research which is reviewed in our book on limnetic plankton ciliates (Foissner et al. 1999).

Vorwort zur 17. Ergänzungslieferung von C. Steinberg (PDF)

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Taxa included: Volume I of ciliate atlas: Cyrtophorida, Chilodonella, Odontochlamys, Thigmogaster, Pseudochilodonopsis, Trithigmostoma, Phascolodon, Chlamydonellopsis, Chlamydonella, Trochilia, Dysteria, Trochilioides, Oligotrichida, Halteria, Plelagohalteria, Strombidium, Strobilidium, Tintinnidium, Tintinnopsis, Codonella, Hypotrichia, Hypotrichida, Stichotrichia, stichotrichous, Stichotricha, Chaetospira, Hypotrichidium, Urostyla, Holosticha, Uroleptus, Paraurostyla, Kerona, Gastrostyla, Pleurotricha, Oxytricha, Tachysoma, Histriculus, Sterkiella, Stylonychia, Steinia, Euplotes, Aspidisca, Copodea, Colpoda, Cyrtolophosis, Platyophrya, Bursaria, Bursaridium
Volume II of ciliate atlas: Peritrichia, Vorticella, Pseudovorticella, Carchesium, Zoothamnium, Opercularia, Epistylis, Campanella, Ophrydium, Rhabdostyla, Scyphidia, Cothurnia, Lagenophrys, Platycola, Pyxicola, Thuricola, Vaginicola, Astylozoon, Hastatella, Opisthonecta, Trichodina, Heterotrichida, Spirostomum, Stentor, Blepharisma, Pseudoblepharisma, Linostoma, Climacostomum, Metopus, Bothrostoma, Brachonella, Tropidoatractus, Caenomorpha, Odontostomatida, Pelodinium, Epalxella, Saprodinium, Discomorphella
Volume III of ciliate atlas: Hymenostomata, Dexiostoma, Colpidium, Paracolpidium, Tetrahymena, Glaucoma, Epenardia, Ophryoglena, Paramecium, Frontonia, Disematostoma, Urocentrum, Marituja, Stokesia, Lembadion, Philasterides, Uronema, Kahlilembus, Dexiotricha, Loxocephalus, Cinetochilum, Platynematum, Sathrophilus, Dexiotrichides, Urozona, Pseudocohnilembus, Pleuronema, Calyptotricha, Ctedoctema, Cyclidium, Prostomatida, Apsiktrata, Apsiktratidae, Holophrya, Prorodon, Urotricha, Balanion, Plagiocampa, Placus, Coleps, Bursellopsis, Trimyema, Nassulida, Zosterodasys, Chilodontopsis, Nassulopsis, Nassula, Obertrumia, Leptopharynx, Pseudomicrothorax, Drepanomonas, Microthorax, Hexotricha
Volume IV of ciliate atlas: Gymenostomatea, Gymnostomatida, Spathidiida, Cyclotrichida, Chaenea, Enchelyodon, Enchelys, Lacrymaria, Phialina, Lagynus, Lagynophrya, Trachelophyllum, Dileptus, Monilicaryon, Paradileptus, Trachelius, Homalozoon, Spathidium, Didinium, Monodinium, Actinobolina, Askenasia, Mesodinium, Plagiopyla, Pleurostomatida, Amphileptus, Litonotus, Acineria, Loxophyllum, Loxodes, Suctoria, Tokophrya, Staurophrya, Dendrosoma, Heliophrya, Acineta, Enchelyomorpha, Prodiscophrya, Podophrya, Sphaerophrya, Parapodophrya, Metacineta
Plankton ciliates: Actinobolina radians, smalli, vorax, wenrichii, Belonophrya pelagica, Mesodinium acarus, pulex, Askenasia acrostomia, chlorelligera, volvox, Rhabdoaskenasia minima, Liliimorpha viridis, Didinium chlorelligerum, nasutum, Monodinium alveolatum, balbiani balbiani, breviproboscis, rostratum, chlorelligerum, perrieri, Cyclidium viride, Pelagovasicola cinctum, Paradileptus elephantinus, Pelagodileptus, trachelioides, Teuthophrys trisulca, africana, Balantidion pellucidum, Lagynophrya acuminata, Lepidotrachelophyllum lineare, Pelagolacrymaria moserae, Coleps hirtus, viridis, spetai, elongatus, nolandi, Urotricha, apsheronica, pelagica, valida, venatrix, simonsbergeri, castalia, matthesi, tristicha, furcata, pseudofurcata, agailis, farcta, globosa, platystoma, Balanion planctonicum, Longitricha puytoraci, Bursellopsis spumosa, pelagica, nigricans, mobilis, truncata, Pelagothrix, chlorelligera, plancticola, Disematostoma, buetschlii, tetraedricum, Frontonia leucas, Histiobalantium bodamicum, Marituja pelagica, Stokesia vernalis, Peritrichia, Peritrichida, peritrichids, Peritricha, Astylozoon fallax, faurei, Hastatella radians, Opisthonecta henneguyi, Trichodina pediculus, Pelagovorticella mayeri, natans, Vorticella aquadulcis, chlorellata, vernalis, Pseudohaplocaulus infravacuolatus, Epicarchesium pectinatum, Epistylis anastatica, digitalis, procumbens, pygmaeum, Ophrydium eutrophicaum, versatile, naumanni, Spirotrichea, Oligotrichida, Heterotrichida, Hypotrichia, Hypotrichida, Hypotricha, Stichotrichia, stichotrichs, oligotrichs, heterotrichs, Halteria, bifurcata, grandinella, Pelagohalteria cirrifera, viridis, Limnostrombidium pelagicum, viride, Pelagostrombidium fallax, mirabile, armeniensis, lacustris, Rimostrombidium velox, brachykinetum, hyalinum, humile, Oligotrichida, Oligotricha, Oligotrichia, oligotrichids, Codonella cratera, Membranicola tamari, Tintinnidium ephemeridium, fluviatile, pusillum, Tintinnopsis cylindrata, Linostomella vorticella, Stentor, amethystinus, araucanus, Hypotrichidium conicum, Pelagotrichium faurei, Pseudostrombidium planctonticum, Spiretella plancticola, Cyrtophorida, Nassulida, Colpodea, Phascolodon, Obertrumia, Bursaridium pseudobursaria, Colpoda steinii, colpodids, Cyrtolophosis mucicola, Suctoria, suctorids, Mucophrya pelagica, Gajewskajophrya melosirae, Staurophrya elegans, Gymnostomatea, gymnostomatids, Prostomatida, prostomatids, Hymenostomata hymenostomatids, Peritrichia, Peritricha, peritrichs, Alveolata, Protozoa, Protista, protist, ciliates, Wimpertierchen, Ziliaten

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