Monograph of the family Euplotidae

Ehrenberg, 1838

(Ciliophora, Spirotrichea)

.

By Helmut BERGER

Technisches Büro für Ökologie

Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology

Radetzkystrasse 10, 5020 Salzburg, Austria office@protozoology.com www.protozoology.com

Submitted: December 2013; date of approval: 06.05.2014; start 01.07.2014; end 30.06.2017 Acknowledgements: The financial support by the Austrian Science Fund FWF is greatly acknowledged. Many thanks to the anonymous reviewers

Key words: Ciliophora, ecology, Euplota, Euplotes, Euplotidium, Euplotoides, Euplotopsis, evolution, freshwater, guide, key, Mideuplotes, Moneuplotes, Neteuplotes, nomenclature, Pareuplotidium, phylogeny, Ploesconia, revision, sea, soil, systematics, taxonomy

FWF-Project P26974-B25

Monograph of the

family Euplotidae

Ehrenberg, 1838

(Ciliophora,

Spirotrichea)

.

By Helmut BERGER

Technisches Büro für Ökologie

Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology

Radetzkystrasse 10, 5020 Salzburg, Austria office@protozoology.com www.protozoology.com

Submitted: December 2013; date of approval: 06.05.2014; start 01.07.2014; end 30.06.2017 Acknowledgements: The financial support by the Austrian Science Fund FWF is greatly acknowledged. Many thanks to the anonymous reviewers

Key words: Ciliophora, ecology, Euplota, Euplotes, Euplotidium, Euplotoides, Euplotopsis, evolution, freshwater, guide, key, Mideuplotes, Moneuplotes, Neteuplotes, nomenclature, Pareuplotidium, phylogeny, Ploesconia, revision, sea, soil, systematics, taxonomy

FWF-Project P26974-

B25

Monograph of the family Euplotidae Ehrenberg, 1838

(Ciliophora, Spirotrichea)

Helmut Berger

The family Euplotidae is an important, relatively homogenous subgroup of the Euplotia, one of the three major groups (Oligotrichia, Hypotrichia) of the spirotrichous ciliates. The pre-dominantly benthic euplotids are widely distributed in marine and limnetic habitats (including sewage treatment plants) and sometimes rather abundant. Few species live in terrestrial habitats. The euplotids are a very uniform group compared to the hypotrichs. Most species are small or medium-sized (about 40 µm to <200 µm), often distinctly sculptured, have 8–10 frontoventral cirri, five transverse cirri, three or four marginal and caudal cirri, and 8–10 dorsal kineties. An important morphological feature is the striking silverline system of the dorsal side. The nuclear apparatus is composed of a strongly curved macronucleus and a micronucleus. The contractile vacuole is in the posterior body portion near the right cell margin. Until now, about 160 species, subspecies, varieties, and forms have been described. In recent classifications, usually four genera or subgenera are accepted (Euplotes, Euplotoides, Euplotopsis, Moneuplotes). However, this morphological separation is only partly supported by gene sequence analyses. The Monograph of the Euplotidae will have the same structure like the six-volume Monograph of the Hypotricha (Monographiae Biologicae, Springer) authored by the applicant. The project comprises the following points: • The critical revision of the available data comprises the major part of the project. The experience of the applicant with the group and the closely related hypotrichous spirotrichs (many publications mainly dealing with hypotrichs and other ciliates, inter alia, 12 monographs comprising many thousands of pages) as well as comprehensive preliminary works (e.g., indexation of about 3800 papers dealing with euplotids to species level; current index to all species of the euplotids and hypotrichs; making of a bibliography) simplify, respectively, are prerequisite for the monographic treatment of this group. • Description of the supposed ground pattern on the basis of a detailed analysis of all relevant features as well as phylogenetic analysis. • Investigation of some new populations mainly from limnetic and marine (Adriatic Sea) habitats with classical morphological methods. The monograph of the euplotids will be not only an important reference book for taxonomists dealing with this group, but also a comprehensive source of information for biologists of other disciplines (ecology, molecular biology, physiology, …). The PDF-file of the monograph will be freely available (Open Access). However, on safety grounds a printed version will be also available to ensure long-term availability (>100 years).

Projektbeschreibung Deutsch (PDF)

Project description

Euplotes corsica (from Berger & Foissner 1989). Ventral view from life, 38 µm

Monograph of the family

Euplotidae Ehrenberg, 1838

(Ciliophora, Spirotrichea)

Helmut Berger

The family Euplotidae is an important, relatively homogenous subgroup of the Euplotia, one of the three major groups (Oligotrichia, Hypotrichia) of the spirotrichous ciliates. The pre- dominantly benthic euplotids are widely distributed in marine and limnetic habitats (including sewage treatment plants) and sometimes rather abundant. Few species live in terrestrial habitats. The euplotids are a very uniform group compared to the hypotrichs. Most species are small or medium-sized (about 40 µm to <200 µm), often distinctly sculptured, have 8–10 frontoventral cirri, five transverse cirri, three or four marginal and caudal cirri, and 8–10 dorsal kineties. An important morphological feature is the striking silverline system of the dorsal side. The nuclear apparatus is composed of a strongly curved macronucleus and a micronucleus. The contractile vacuole is in the posterior body portion near the right cell margin. Until now, about 160 species, subspecies, varieties, and forms have been described. In recent classifications, usually four genera or subgenera are accepted (Euplotes, Euplotoides, Euplotopsis, Moneuplotes). However, this morphological separation is only partly supported by gene sequence analyses. The Monograph of the Euplotidae will have the same structure like the six-volume Monograph of the Hypotricha (Monographiae Biologicae, Springer) authored by the applicant. The project comprises the following points: • The critical revision of the available data comprises the major part of the project. The experience of the applicant with the group and the closely related hypotrichous spirotrichs (many publications mainly dealing with hypotrichs and other ciliates, inter alia, 12 monographs comprising many thousands of pages) as well as comprehensive preliminary works (e.g., indexation of about 3800 papers dealing with euplotids to species level; current index to all species of the euplotids and hypotrichs; making of a bibliography) simplify, respectively, are prerequisite for the monographic treatment of this group. • Description of the supposed ground pattern on the basis of a detailed analysis of all relevant features as well as phylogenetic analysis. • Investigation of some new populations mainly from limnetic and marine (Adriatic Sea) habitats with classical morphological methods. The monograph of the euplotids will be not only an important reference book for taxonomists dealing with this group, but also a comprehensive source of information for biologists of other disciplines (ecology, molecular biology, physiology, …). The PDF- file of the monograph will be freely available (Open Access). However, on safety grounds a printed version will be also available to ensure long-term availability (>100 years).

Projektbeschreibung Deutsch (PDF)

Project description

Publications

Here you find publications (abstracts, papers) dealing with the project and the main publication, that is, The Monograph of the Family Euplotidae. Below you find some previous works of the author dealing with the euplotids. For more information on publications, PDFs etc, see https://www.protozoology.com/publications/index.html. To get the username and password for the PDFs send an informal e- mail (with name and address) to berger.helmut@protozoology.com. Berger H. (2015): Monograph of the family Euplotidae Ehrenberg, 1838 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea). - ECOP VII Sevilla, Spain, 5-10 September 2015. Abstract (PDF). Poster (8 MB; PDF) Berger H., Chen L., Lyv Z., Shao C., Al-Farraj S.A. & Song W. (2017): Corrigendum to “Morphology, cell division, and phylogeny of Uroleptus longicaudatus (Ciliophora, Hypotricha), a species of the Uroleptus limnetis complex by Chen et al. 2016”. J. Euk. Microbiol.; R1 submitted (this work does not deal with euplotids sensu stricto, but the reason for this paper - ZooBank registration in online-only journals and ZooBank registration in general - is also relevant for this group). This manuscript was withdrawn because reviewers (including two commisionaires of ICZN) disagree whether or not a new combination is a nomenclatural act. Shao C., Li L., Zhang Q., Song W. & Berger H. (2017): Corrigendum to "Molecular phylogeny and ontogeny of a new ciliate genus, Paracladotricha salina n.g., n.sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) by Shao et al. 2014". - The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, doi:10.1111/jeu.12418. Correction for Shao et al. (2014) where we have forgotten to include the ZooBank registration in the work itself; thus, the new genus and the new species established in this online-only paper are not available. Aescht E., Foissner W., Blatterer H., Kohmann F. & Berger H. (2017): Ciliophora (Wimpertiere). - In: Moog O. & Hartmann A. (Eds): Fauna Aquatica Austriaca; 3. Lieferung. Wasserwirtschaftskataster, Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien. In press. Aescht E., Foissner W., Blatterer H., Kohmann F. & Berger H. (2017): Ciliophora (Ciliates). - In: Moog O. & Hartmann A. (Eds): Fauna Aquatica Austriaca; 3. Lieferung. Wasserwirtschaftskataster, Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien. In press. Berger H. (2017/2018): Monograph of Euplotoides Borror & Hill, 1995 (Ciliophora, Spirotricha, Euplotidae). - Denisia, in preparation.

Previously published papers and books by H. Berger dealing, inter alia, with euplotids

For more information on publications, PDFs (to get the username and password send informal e-mail to berger.helmut@protozoology.com), etc, see https://www.protozoology.com/publications/index.html • Berger H., Foissner W. (1989): Morphology and biometry of some soil hypotrichs (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Europe and Japan. - Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History, Zoology Series) 55: 19-46. PDF • Foissner W., Blatterer H., Berger H., Kohmann F. (1991): Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems - Band I: Cyrtophorida, Oligotrichida, Hypotrichia, Colpodea. - Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft, 1/91: 1-478. • Berger H., Foissner W., Kohmann F. (1997): Bestimmung und Ökologie der Mikrosaprobien nach DIN 38410. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, Lübeck, Ulm. I-X and 291 pp. • Berger H. (2001): Catalogue of ciliate names 1. Hypotrichs. Verlag Helmut Berger, Salzburg. i-viii, 206 pages. Supported by the Austrian Science Fund, Project P14778-BIO. PDF • Foissner W., Agatha S., Berger H. (2002): Soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Namibia (Southwest Africa), with emphasis on two contrasting environments, the Etosha region and the Namib Desert. - Denisia 5: 1-1459 (two volumes). • Berger H., Foissner W. (2003): Illustrated guide and ecological notes to ciliate indicator species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in running waters, lakes, and sewage plants. In: Handbuch Angewandte Limnologie (Ed. C. Steinberg). Ecomed Verlag 160 pages. 17. Erg.-Lieferung. 10/03. Supported by the Austrian Science Fund, Project P14778-BIO • Berger H. (2006): Bibliography of Hypotrichs and Euplotids (Ciliophora). Verlag Helmut Berger, Salzburg. i-viii and 425 pp. 6062 references. Supported by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, APART-Project. PDF • Berger H. (2009): Microfauna of activated sludge. - Protozoological Monographs 4: 220-231. PDF

Reports to FWF Report for year 2014 (PDF, 90 KB) Report for year 2015 (PDF, 90 KB) Report for year 2016 (PDF, 90 KB) Endbericht Zusammenfassung 2017 DE (PDF, 100 KB) Final Report Summary 2017 EN (PDF, 100 KB) Preliminary content (PDF, 97 KB)

Publications

Here you find publications (abstracts, papers) dealing with the project and the main publication, that is, The Monograph of the Family Euplotidae. Below you find some previous works of the author dealing with the euplotids. For more information on publications, PDFs etc, see https://www.protozoology.com/publications/index.html. To get the username and password for the PDFs send an informal e-mail (with name and address) to berger.helmut@protozoology.com. Berger H. (2015): Monograph of the family Euplotidae Ehrenberg, 1838 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea). - ECOP VII Sevilla, Spain, 5-10 September 2015. Abstract (PDF). Poster (8 MB; PDF) Berger H., Chen L., Lyv Z., Shao C., Al-Farraj S.A. & Song W. (2017): Corrigendum to “Morphology, cell division, and phylogeny of Uroleptus longicaudatus (Ciliophora, Hypotricha), a species of the Uroleptus limnetis complex by Chen et al. 2016”. J. Euk. Microbiol.; R1 submitted (this work does not deal with euplotids sensu stricto, but the reason for this paper - ZooBank registration in online-only journals and ZooBank registration in general - is also relevant for this group). This manuscript was withdrawn because reviewers (including two commisionaires of ICZN) disagree whether or not a new combination is a nomenclatural act. Shao C., Li L., Zhang Q., Song W. & Berger H. (2017): Corrigendum to "Molecular phylogeny and ontogeny of a new ciliate genus, Paracladotricha salina n.g., n.sp. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) by Shao et al. 2014". - The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, doi:10.1111/jeu.12418. Correction for Shao et al. (2014) where we have forgotten to include the ZooBank registration in the work itself; thus, the new genus and the new species established in this online- only paper are not available. Aescht E., Foissner W., Blatterer H., Kohmann F. & Berger H. (2017): Ciliophora (Wimpertiere). - In: Moog O. & Hartmann A. (Eds): Fauna Aquatica Austriaca; 3. Lieferung. Wasserwirtschaftskataster, Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien. In press. Aescht E., Foissner W., Blatterer H., Kohmann F. & Berger H. (2017): Ciliophora (Ciliates). - In: Moog O. & Hartmann A. (Eds): Fauna Aquatica Austriaca; 3. Lieferung. Wasserwirtschaftskataster, Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien. In press. Berger H. (2017/2018): Monograph of Euplotoides Borror & Hill, 1995 (Ciliophora, Spirotricha, Euplotidae). - Denisia, in preparation.

Previously published papers and books by

H. Berger dealing, inter alia, with euplotids

For more information on publications, PDFs (to get the username and password send informal e-mail to berger.helmut@protozoology.com), etc, see https://www.protozoology.com/publications/index.html • Berger H., Foissner W. (1989): Morphology and biometry of some soil hypotrichs (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Europe and Japan. - Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History, Zoology Series) 55: 19-46. PDF • Foissner W., Blatterer H., Berger H., Kohmann F. (1991): Taxonomische und ökologische Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems - Band I: Cyrtophorida, Oligotrichida, Hypotrichia, Colpodea. - Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft, 1/91: 1-478. • Berger H., Foissner W., Kohmann F. (1997): Bestimmung und Ökologie der Mikrosaprobien nach DIN 38410. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, Lübeck, Ulm. I-X and 291 pp. • Berger H. (2001): Catalogue of ciliate names 1. Hypotrichs. Verlag Helmut Berger, Salzburg. i-viii, 206 pages. Supported by the Austrian Science Fund, Project P14778-BIO. PDF • Foissner W., Agatha S., Berger H. (2002): Soil ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Namibia (Southwest Africa), with emphasis on two contrasting environments, the Etosha region and the Namib Desert. - Denisia 5: 1-1459 (two volumes). • Berger H., Foissner W. (2003): Illustrated guide and ecological notes to ciliate indicator species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) in running waters, lakes, and sewage plants. In: Handbuch Angewandte Limnologie (Ed. C. Steinberg). Ecomed Verlag 160 pages. 17. Erg.-Lieferung. 10/03. Supported by the Austrian Science Fund, Project P14778-BIO • Berger H. (2006): Bibliography of Hypotrichs and Euplotids (Ciliophora). Verlag Helmut Berger, Salzburg. i-viii and 425 pp. 6062 references. Supported by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, APART-Project. PDF • Berger H. (2009): Microfauna of activated sludge. - Protozoological Monographs 4: 220-231. PDF

Reports to FWF Report for year 2014 (PDF, 90 KB) Report for year 2015 (PDF, 90 KB) Report for year 2016 (PDF, 90 KB) Endbericht Zusammenfassung 2017 DE (PDF, 100 KB) Final Report Summary 2017 EN (PDF, 100 KB) Preliminary content (PDF, 97 KB)

Contact / Site notice / Copyright

Helmut Berger Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology Radetzkystrasse 10 5020 Salzburg Austria t: +43(0)662 276408 (leave a message on the answering machine) f: +43(0)662 276408-1 https://www.protozoology.com e-mail: office@protozoology.com

Copyright

Site notice

The website of the present project is part of the website www.protozoology.com. More details on this topic, see https://www.protozoology.com/impressum/index.html

Contact

Contact / Site notice /

Copyright

Helmut Berger Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology Radetzkystrasse 10 5020 Salzburg Austria t: +43(0)662 276408 (leave a message on the answering machine) f: +43(0)662 276408-1 https://www.protozoology.com e-mail: office@protozoology.com

Copyright

Site notice

The website of the present project is part of the website www.protozoology.com. More details on this topic, see https://www.protozoology.com/impressum/index.html